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May 3, 2012

“Continuity of the Parks,” by Julio Cortazar


Old man reading Bible in wicker chair on farmhouse porch

As I’ve mentioned, I’m reading my way through the fantastic anthology The Story and Its Writer.  Here is one of the best descriptions of being swept away reading a novel in the short “Continuity of the Parks” by Julio Cortazar (the complete short below). I love this. 

The Continuity of Parks  
by Julio Cortazar
He had begun to read the novel a few days before. He had put it aside because of some urgent business conferences, opened it again on his way back to the estate by train; he permitted himself a slowly growing interest in the plot, in the characterizations. That afternoon, after writing a letter giving his power of attorney and discussing a matter of joint ownership with the manager of his estate, he returned to the book in the tranquility of his study which looked out upon the park with its oaks. Sprawled in his favorite armchair, its back toward the door--even the possibility of an intrusion would have irritated him, had he thought of it--he let his left hand caress repeatedly the green velvet upholstery and set to reading the final chapters. He remembered effortlessly the names and his mental image of the characters; the novel spread its glamour over him almost at once. He tasted the almost perverse pleasure of disengaging himself line by line from the things around him, and at the same time feeling his head rest comfortably on the green velvet of the chair with its high back, sensing that the cigarettes rested within reach of his hand, that beyond the great windows the air of afternoon danced under the oak trees in the park. Word by word, licked up the sordid dilemma of the hero and heroine, letting himself be absorbed to the point where the images settled down and took on color and movement, he was witness to the final encounter in the mountain cabin. The woman arrived first, apprehensive; now the lover came in, his face cut by the backlash of a branch. Admirably, she stanched the blood with her kisses, but he rebuffed her caresses, he had not come to perform again the ceremonies of a secret passion, protected by a world of dry leaves and furtive paths through the forest. The dagger warmed itself against his chest, and underneath liberty pounded, hidden close. A lustful, panting dialogue raced down the pages like a rivulet of snakes, and one felt it had all been decided from eternity. Even to those caresses which writhed about the lover's body, as though wishing to keep him there, to dissuade him from it; they sketched abominably the fame of that other body it was necessary to destroy. Nothing had been forgotten: alibis, unforeseen hazards, possible mistakes. From this hour on, each instant had its use minutely assigned. The cold-blooded, twice-gone-over reexamination of the details was barely broken off so that a hand could caress a cheek. It was beginning to get dark.
Not looking at each other now, rigidly fixed upon the task which awaited them, they separated at the cabin door. She was to follow the trail that led north. On the path leading in the opposite direction, he turned for a moment to watch her running, her hair loosened and flying. He ran in turn, crouching among the trees and hedges until, in the yellowish fog of dusk, he could distinguish the avenue of trees which led up to the house. The dogs were not supposed to bark, and they did not bark. The estate manager would not be there at this hour, and he was not there. He went up the three porch steps and entered. The woman's words reached him over a thudding of blood in his ears: first a blue chamber, then a hall, then a carpeted stairway. At the top, two doors. No one in the first room, no one in the second. The door of the salon, and then, the knife in his hand, the light from the great windows, the high back of an armchair covered in green velvet, the head of the man in the chair reading a novel.

May 2, 2012

World-building, or Setting as Character



I’m starting a new novel, so world-building is on my mind.

I’ve picked out images for what all my major characters look like.  I’ve imagined their ethnic origins and the histories of their families and where they’re from.  I’ve done lots of research on where it’s set ~ I’ve been there, but I need all the information I can get.  I’ve even done research on things I know implicitly but would like to be more explicit about, such as regional dialects of Wyoming.

I think some people consider world-building something only science fiction writers do.  After all, they’re creating worlds and hence naturally doing a whole lot of world-building.  You can kind of see historical fiction writers having to as well ~ the past is also another planet.  Certainly these writers do, but they’re not the only ones who need to indepthly imagine their setting and culture and characters.

The last AWP Chronicle has a great piece by a professor ("Cather's World & the Future of Narrative" by Douglas Bauer) talking about his literature class on Willa Cather and her imagining her world.  He worries that the present generation, head down to their iphones as they walk along, will not have attention nor the raw material to effectively depict setting. They won’t be able to create worlds because they don’t notice their own.  I’m a little more optimistic than this, but still.

All writers need to create worlds.  If you’re writing a romance or a literary novel or a mystery, you also need to deeply imagine your worlds.  You need to think certainly about plot ~ what happens in what order, cause and effect ~ but you also need to think about characters and their motives, the setting as an influencing character in its own right, the history of everything that contributes, what things look like, and so on.

If you don’t imagine these things, they won’t show up on the page, and your book will be like one of those minimalist plays where the background is nonexistent, props are minimal, and costumes are often outlandish.  I’m thinking of a particular Richard III adaptation where Richard sits on a bed talking on the phone while two gay lovers make out behind him.

Your world is a very strong character in your book.  It should equal all of your other characters.  It shouldn’t overwhelm everything, but it shouldn’t be nonexistent.

Think about the Harry Potter series.  Wow, what a world.  That’s because J.K. Rowling so deeply imagined it.  But also think of Mystic River by Dennis Lehane.  The setting shines through.  Many noir mysteries are this way.  Think of Westerns ~ of course the setting plays a role.  Think of Gone with the Wind, Let the Great World Spin, anything by Mark Twain (who was not writing historical fiction, of course, but contemporary fiction).  They all have love affairs with their settings.

So how does a writer so deeply imagine a place? Well, a lot of it is grunt work, asking yourself, why, why, why?  Doing a whole bunch of research.  Revising and reimagining over and over again.  The novels I’ve written I’ve done major rewrites from scratch, and each time I do the world gets deeper and richer.  Finally, I would take tips from science fiction and historical fiction writers.  (Here’s a blog summary of a great AWP panel on historical fiction.  Especially pay attention to the tips by Ron Hansen.) 

Make a conscious decision to treat your world as a character and give him or her proper due.

May 1, 2012

Hold on to Your Hat!


Check out the snazzy new design on the website!  (You may have to refresh your browser if you've been to the site before.)

April 30, 2012

Testify!



Hallelujah! Literary culture is alive and well in this country, and I’m here to testify!

I’m writing this Friday night after attending the opening reading and gala for issue 2 of the Open Window Review. This online zine was founded six months ago by the poet Lori Howe and her class of creative writing students at Laramie County Community College, Albany County Campus.

I’ve know Lori for years. We got our master’s together back in the Oughts, and Laramie’s a small town, you know? You run into the same people all time in different capacities. Lori writes exquisite poetry and she also bakes the tastiest and most beautiful cakes.

The reading was wonderful. Lots of short pieces. All levels of writers. Lots of familiar faces too. Lori read one of her lovely poems. Court Merrigan, a Wyoming fiction writer from Torrington, came down and read a fabulous short fiction piece. The poet Shelly Norris, another person I know from the UW English department, read her wonderful poetry. (I just found out tonight we grew up in neighboring towns in northern Wyoming, only ten years apart.) David Romvedt, poet laureate of Wyoming, wasn’t there, but Open Window editor Jason Deiss read his work. Lindsay Wilson, another poet I know from UW, wasn’t able to attend so his work was read by Dylan Robinson. And I was introduced to all these new writers. I was particularly taken by the poetry of Abel Ruiz and Bret Norwood.

And it was well attended. There were 30 or 40 people, and that’s against the rock band Kansas who’s playing in town tonight.

As I sat there listening in the beautiful foyer of the building, the sun setting through the huge windows behind the readers, I thought: this is grassroots writing. I don’t know how to say this without sounding condescending ~ because I mean quite the opposite. By grassroots, I mean that it was the opposite of professional writing. Not that it wasn’t good. A number of the writers are well established, and others not so much, but all the writing shone like little jewels. By the opposite of professional I mean, it was people writing and reading who loved it, who are not in any way jaded, who were coming together in a communion of literary fellowship.

I feel unable to articulate exactly what I’m trying to say.

It was like a Pete Seeger gathering. Everyone sang and it all had such meaning and power. The news around the literary world and around publishing and around reading and writing and “kids these days” and all that ~ it seems the end of the world as we know it. But then, to attend this event, to worship at the altar of great writing, the rest of it is nothing but hot air.

This is what writing is about. Being human and connecting with your fellow human beings.

April 27, 2012

Life Lessons from Slasher Films, by Jessica Robinson



Got great news from a friend of mine yesterday: her nonfiction book on slasher films will be out this summer!  It’s called Life Lessons from Slasher Films and it began as her master’s thesis. 

Fascinating stuff.  I’m not a fan of slasher films ~ they majorly creep me out because my stress dreams consist of men chasing me with knives ~ but nonetheless this is a great read.  I know because I helped her index it. J (Funny story about that here.)

This is what Jessica (pen name Pembroke Sinclair) says about it:

The book takes an academic/scholarly look at slasher films and the importance they have in our culture, but since I don't have any "credentials," I can't actually claim it's a "scholarly" book. The writing has been altered to appeal to a more general audience, so it should be accessible to all readers. I look at seven films: The Texas Chain Saw Massacre, Psycho, Black Christmas, Halloween, Friday the 13th, A Nightmare on Elm Street, and Scream, along with the remakes of every film, except for Scream (Scream 4 wasn't out yet while I was working on this). I picked these specific films because they helped define the genre.

Some of the things I examine in the book are gender, the rites of passage from teens into adults, the killer as a demonic teacher, and how the remakes have tried to make the killer sympathetic, along with some other ideas. It's the culmination of years of work, and I still can't believe someone is going to publish it.


I have to say, one of the many things I love about the book is the skillful way Jessica builds her argument.  One of the things I’ve long admired about some writers is their ability to further an argument just short of the next point, and then bam! the next section continues the argument.  In other words, they lead your mind right to the point where you’re asking the question, and then the next section answers that question but then leads you on to the next question in the next section.  So easy for the reader, so hard for the writer. 

So be on the lookout for it, especially if you like that hair-raising feeling of spooky music, a deserted house, innocent teen sitting there not knowing about the masked maniac in the closet. Oooh!

April 26, 2012

The Best Anthologies, or a Mash Note to Anthony Doerr


You know how you idly (see obsessively) click on anything written by certain people?  Anthony Doerr is one of these for me.  He is so smart and personable and such a wonderful writer.  There’s a piece he wrote for the Lit Pub called “A Universe That’s Three Inches Tall and Weighs Three Pounds” I read last year that talks about his love of books, in particular one thick anthology of short stories that he lugged all the way across New Zealand.  Well, of course, I immediately went out and got a copy.

Oh, man.  It is one of the two best anthologies I have ever read.  It’s called The Story and Its Writer, edited by Ann Charters, and it has all the greats ~ everything from “An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge” to “Tiny, Smiling Daddy.”  The best stories by the best writers of all time.  (The other anthology that is just as great ~ for that very same reason ~ is The Ecco Anthology of Contemporary American Short Fiction.)

I am about a third of the way through, with a glorious two-thirds left to read.  I alternately gobble and savor, ravage and caress this volume!  I spend my day looking forward to running a hot bubble bath and cracking it open at the next jewel of a story, wending my way night by night through a fantastic journey of words.

So, if you’re a short story buff, take note and get a copy of each of these. Oh, and give Tony a hug for me when you see him!

April 25, 2012

100 Things About Photography, by Nithin Prabhakar

Majestic Bangalore, India, by Nithin Prabhakar

Nithin Prabhakar, from the Kerala region of India, posted this great list on Google+ the other day.  I thought I'd share.  Great list, Nithin!

100 Things About Photography

1. Just because someone has an expensive camera doesn’t mean that they’re a good photographer.

2. Always shoot in RAW. Always.

3. Prime lenses help you learn to be a better photographer.

4. Photo editing is an art in itself.

5. The rule of thirds works 99% of the time.

6. Macro photography isn’t for everybody.

7. UV filters work just as well as lens caps.

8. Go outside and shoot photos rather than spending hours a day on photography forums.

9. Capture the beauty in the mundane and you have a winning photograph.

10. Film isn’t better than digital.

11. Digital isn’t better than film.

12. There is no “magic” camera or lens.

13. Better lenses don’t give you better photos.

14. Spend less time looking at other people’s work and more time shooting your own.

15. Don’t take your DSLR to parties.

16. Girls dig photographers.

17. Making your photos b/w doesn’t automatically make them “artsy”.

18. People will always discredit your work if you tell them you “photoshop” your images. Rather, tell them that you process them in the “digital darkroom”.

19. You don’t need to take a photo of everything.

20. Have at least 2 backups of all your images. Like they say in war, two is one, one is none.

21. Ditch the neck strap and get a handstrap.

22. Get closer when taking your photos, they often turn out better.

23. Be a part of a scene while taking a photo; not a voyeur.

24. Taking a photo crouched often make your photos look more interesting.

25. Worry less about technical aspects and focus more on compositional aspects of photography.

26. Tape up any logos on your camera with black gaffers tape- it brings a lot less attention to you.

27. Always underexpose by 2/3rds of a stop when shooting in broad daylight.

28. The more photos you take, the better you get.

29. Don’t be afraid to take several photos of the same scene at different exposures, angles, or apertures.

30. Only show your best photos.

31. A point-and-shoot is still a camera.

32. Join an online photography forum.

33. Critique the works of others.

34. Think before you shoot.

35. A good photo shouldn’t require explanation (although background information often adds to an image).

*36. Alcohol and photography do not mix well.

37. Draw inspiration from other photographers but never worship them.

38. Grain is beautiful.

39. Ditch the photo backpack and get a messenger bag. It makes getting your lenses and camera a whole lot easier.

40. Simplicity is key.

41. The definition of photography is: “painting with light.” Use light in your favor.

42. Find your style of photography and stick with it.

43. Having a second monitor is the best thing ever for photo processing.

44. Silver EFEX pro is the best b/w converter.

45. Carry your camera with you everywhere. Everywhere.

46. Never let photography get in the way of enjoying life.

47. Don’t pamper your camera. Use and abuse it.

48. Take straight photos.

49. Shoot with confidence.

50. Photography and juxtaposition are best friends.

51. Print out your photos big. They will make you happy.

52. Give your photos to friends.

53. Give them to strangers.

54. Don’t forget to frame them.

55. Costco prints are cheap and look great.

56. Go out and take photos with (a) friend(s).

57. Join a photo club or start one for yourself.

58. Photos make great presents.

59. Taking photos of strangers is thrilling.

60. Candid;Posed.

61. Natural light is the best light.

62. 35mm (on full frame) is the best “walk-around” focal length.

63. Don’t be afraid to bump up your ISO when necessary.

64. You don’t need to always bring a tripod with you everywhere you go

65. It is always better to underexpose than overexpose.

66. Shooting photos of homeless people in an attempt to be “artsy” is exploitation.

67. You will find the best photo opportunities in the least likely situations.

68. Photos are always more interesting with the human element included.

69. You can’t “Photoshop” bad images into good ones.

70. Nowadays everybody is a photographer.

71. You don’t need to fly to Paris to get good photos; the best photo opportunities are in your backyard.

72. People with DSLRS who shoot portraits with their grip pointed downwards look like morons.

73. Cameras as tools, not toys.

74. In terms of composition, photography and painting aren’t much different.

75. Photography isn’t a hobby- it’s a lifestyle.

76. Make photos, not excuses.

77. Be original in your photography. Don’t try to copy the style of others.

78. The best photographs tell stories that begs the viewer for more.

79. Any cameras but black ones draw too much attention.

80. The more gear you carry around with you the less you will enjoy photography.

81. Good self-portraits are harder to take than they seem.

82. Laughter always draws out peoples’ true character in a photograph.

83. Don’t look suspicious when taking photos- blend in with the environment.

84. Landscape photography can become dull after a while.

85. Have fun while taking photos.

86. Never delete any of your photos.

87. Be respectful when taking photos of people or places.

88. When taking candid photos of people in the street, it is easier to use a wide-angle than a telephoto lens.

89. Travel and photography are the perfect pair.

90. Learn how to read a histogram.

91. A noisy photo is better than a blurry one.

92. Don’t be afraid to take photos in the rain.

93. Learn how to enjoy the moment, rather than relentlessly trying to capture the perfect picture of it.

94. Never take photos on an empty stomach.

95. You will discover a lot about yourself through your photography.

96. Never hoard your photographic insight- share it with the world.

97. Never stop taking photos.

98. Photography is more than simply taking photos, it is a philosophy of life.

99. Capture the decisive moment.

100. Write your own list.